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In the period from 1862 to 1875, Kashgar first was a centre of the Muslim Rebellion and then became the capital of the Muslim general Yakub Beg.
When was the city of Kashgar founded?
In 60 BC a Han Dynasty emperor ordered to build a military governor residence there. A new milestone in the city’s history begins with the IV century BC, when the territory of East Turkestan was peopled by Turkic tribes (including the Uyghurs), who subsequently founded the Turkic Khaganate there.
When did Kashgar become part of China?
Kashgar was incorporated into the People’s Republic of China in 1949. During the Cultural Revolution, one of the largest statues of Mao in China was built in Kashgar, near People’s Square. On October 31, 1981, an incident occurred in the city due to a dispute between Uyghurs and Han Chinese in which three were killed.
How old is the city of Kashgar?
With a population of over 500,000, Kashgar has served as a trading post and strategically important city on the Silk Road between China, the Middle East and Europe for over 2,000 years, making it one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the World.
Why is Kashgar significant?
For two millenniums or more, Kashgar was the greatest market city on one of the major trade routes of ancient times. Caravans of a thousand camels each traveled along it, transporting silk, spices, gold and gemstones between Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey) and the central Chinese city of Xian, then the capital.
Who founded Kashgar?
The Chinese first occupied Kashgar at the end of the 2nd century bce, taking it from the Yuezhi people, who had been driven out of Gansu province. Chinese control, however, did not survive the 1st century ce, when the Yuezhi reoccupied the area.
What are Uyghurs in China?
The Uyghurs are recognized as native to the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwest China. They are considered to be one of China’s 55 officially recognized ethnic minorities. The Uyghurs are recognized by the Chinese government as a regional minority and the titular people of Xinjiang.
What is the name of the westernmost city of the Han Dynasty?
The period before Wang Mang’s usurpation—when the capital was in the western Chinese city of Chang’an (now Xi’an, Shaanxi province)—is called the Qian (Former), or Xi (Western) Han (206 bce–25 ce), and the period after Wang Mang—when the capital was moved eastward to Luoyang (in present-day Henan province—is named the
What did Kashgar do for the Silk Road?
With a market area of over a square mile, Kashgar was a major trading post on the Silk Road. Thousands of caravans on camels passed through here transporting silk, gold, spices, and gemstones.
Where is Khotan located?
Khotan is located in south Xinjiang province, the westernmost province in modern China. Its political power was derived from its location on two rivers in the southern Tarim Basin of China, the Yurung-Kash and the Qara-Kash, south of the vast, nearly impassable Taklamakan Desert.
What Dynasty used the Silk Road?
Established when the Han Dynasty in China officially opened trade with the West in 130 B.C., the Silk Road routes remained in use until 1453 A.D., when the Ottoman Empire boycotted trade with China and closed them.
Who controlled Samarkand?
After it revolted against its Mongol rulers (1365), Samarkand became the capital of the empire of Timur (Tamerlane), who made the city the most important economic and cultural centre in Central Asia. Samarkand was conquered by Uzbeks in 1500 and became part of the khanate of Bukhara.
Why did the Ottomans close the Silk Road?
As the Ottoman Empire expanded, it started gaining control of important trade routes. Many sources state that the Ottoman Empire “blocked” the Silk Road. This meant that while Europeans could trade through Constantinople and other Muslim countries, they had to pay high taxes.
Why were caravanserais around 100 miles apart?
What were caravanserais? Caravanserais were inns located about 100 miles apart on the Silk Roads in which travelers could enter to rest and sometimes trade in their camel for a fresh one. They were 100 miles apart as that was how long a camel could walk for without water.
Why was Samarkand important to the Silk Road?
Because of their geographic location, particular cities along the Silk Road were good resting stops and transfer points of goods from one caravan to another. Samarkand was one such city, and so it was attractive to rulers throughout Central and West Asia who wished to control the lucrative trade.
Is Xinjiang a part of China?
There are about 12 million Uighurs, mostly Muslim, living in north-western China in the region of Xinjiang, officially known as the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR). The Uighurs speak their own language, similar to Turkish, and see themselves as culturally and ethnically close to Central Asian nations.
Who was affected by the Silk Road?
For example the route contributed to the spread of Islam, with many Arab Muslims travelling along the Silk Road to China in order to spread the Islamic faith. Additionally Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism and Nestorianism were all introduced to China and parts of India because of the Silk Roads influence.
What language is spoken in Kashgar?
The Western Yugur language, although in geographic proximity, is more closely related to the Siberian Turkic languages in Siberia. Robert Dankoff wrote that the Turkic language spoken in Kashgar and used in Kara Khanid works was Karluk, not (Old) Uyghur.
What did Rome have that China wanted?
Each had something the other wanted. Rome had gold and silver and precious gems. China had silk, tea, and spices. The Silk Road was important because not only goods were traded, ideas and culture were carried by the traders.
Which is the name of the southernmost city of the Han Dynasty?
Southern Han
| Han / Yue 漢 / 越 | |
|---|---|
| 917–971 | |
| Capital | Xingwang (Guangzhou) |
| Common languages | Middle Chinese |
| Government | Monarchy |
What did they trade in Kashgar?
Kashgar traded in silk, spices, gold, and gemstones. It was one of the biggest trading centers on the Silk Road.
Which city is the easternmost city on the Silk Road?
The road starts from Chang’an and ends at Rome. So you can find out that Chang’an (Xian) is the easternmost city and Rome is the westernmost one.
What is the greatest impact of the Silk Road?
The greatest impact of the Silk Road was that while it allowed luxury goods like silk, porcelain, and silver to travel from one end of the Silk Road
How long is the Silk Road?
The Silk Road began in north-central China in Xi’an (in modern Shaanxi province). A caravan track stretched west along the Great Wall of China, across the Pamirs, through Afghanistan, and into the Levant and Anatolia. Its length was about 4,000 miles (more than 6,400 km).
What country is Kashgar in?
China
