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Flocculation is the formation of floccules in a suspension. The main difference between flocculated and deflocculated suspension is that the rate of sedimentation in a flocculated suspension is rapid whereas the rate of sedimentation in a deflocculated suspension is slow.
Which suspension is stable Flocculated or Deflocculated?
Most stable pharmaceutical suspensions are flocculated. The suspension appear somehow unsight (unappealing) due to its rapid sedimentation and it presents an obvious clear supernatant.
How Flocculated and Deflocculated suspension are prepared?
In flocculated system the individual particle are contact with each other to form loose aggregate & create network like structure. In deflocculated system the individual particle are exist as separate entities. Rate of sedimentation is low. Sediment is tightly packed.
What are the disadvantages of suspension?
v) Drug in suspension exhibits a higher rate of bioavailability compared to the same drug of equivalent dose formulated in tablets or capsules. This is due to larger surface area and high dissolution, e.g., antacid suspension. 1. Sedimentation of solids occasionally gives poor form of product.
How do you make suspension drugs?
Gently shake the bottle to loosen the powder. Open the cap. Carefully add cool boiled water to about half the height of the final marking on the bottle.
What is good quality suspension?
1 It should settle slowly and should be readily re-dispersed on gentle shaking of the container. 2 The particle size of the suspension remains fairly constant throughout its long period of undisturbed standing . 3 The suspension should pour readily and evenly from its container.
Why do Flocculated particles not cake?
Repulsive forces between particles are overcome and a hard cake is formed which is difficult, if not impossible, to redisperse. The sediment is loosely packed and possesses a scaffold-like structure (large volume of final sediment). Particles do not bond tightly to each other and a hard, dense cake does not form.
What is the most comfortable suspension?
Eight Mass-Market Models with the Most Comfortable Car Suspension
- Chrysler 300. The large premium sedan seems to be disappearing from the roads today, but there are plenty of good reasons to choose one like the Chrysler 300 Touring L.
- Kia Cadenza.
- Volkswagen Golf.
- Buick Regal Sportback.
- Chevrolet Impala.
- Ram 1500.
- Acura MDX.
What does Flocculated mean?
The process by which individual particles of clay aggregate into clotlike masses or precipitate into small lumps. Flocculation occurs as a result of a chemical reaction between the clay particles and another substance, usually salt water.
Why are some drugs suspended?
Substances can be chemically unstable, insoluble in water, distasteful etc. Suspensions are often used as a dosage form when the drug is insoluble in water and when use of solubilizing agents is not possible.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of suspension?
7. Advantages & Disadvantages: Advantages: • Can improve chemical stability of certain drugs. Higher rate of bioavailability, as order of bioavailabilty is: Solution > Suspensions > Capsules > Compressed tablets Dias advantages: • Physical stability, sedimentation and compaction. Bulky, handling reqire care.
What is the advantage of independent suspension?
Independent suspension typically offers better ride quality and handling characteristics, due to lower unsprung weight and the ability of each wheel to address the road undisturbed by activities of the other wheel on the vehicle.
What are the reasons in formulating suspensions?
The reasons for the formulation of a pharmaceutical suspension: — when the drug is insoluble in the delivery vehicle. –To mask the bitter taste of the drug. –To increase drug stability.
What are the advantages of suspension?
Advantages of suspensions dosage form
- Suspensions are a useful drug delivery system for therapeutic agents that have a low solubility.
- Pharmaceutical suspensions may be formulated to mask the unpleasant/ bitter taste of drug.
What are Floccules in pharmacy?
Formulating Stable Suspensions Flocculating agents are electrolytes which carry an electrical charge opposite that of the net zeta potential of the suspended particles. Floccules have approximately the same size particles; therefore a clear boundary is seen when the particles settle.
Is Redisperse difficult?
The repulsive forces between individual particles allow them to slip past each other as they sediment. The slow rate of settling prevents the entrapment of liquid within the sediment, which thus becomes compacted and can be very difficult to redisperse.
What are the different suspending agents?
The most common suspending agents are aqueous biological polymers, including methylcellulose (MC), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC). A range of viscosities of suspending agents is available with different molecular weights.
How do you formulate suspension?
FORMULATION OF SUSPENSIONS: Wetting agents: They are added to disperse solids in continuous liquid phase . ex: polysorbate 80,20, span etc Suspending agents: They are added to flocs the drug particles. Thickeners: They are added to increase the viscosity of suspension. ex: gaur gum , xanthan gum.
Which suspension is best?
The best front shock absorbers are the ones from the leaders in suspension.
- Bilstein B8 5100 Series Shock Absorbers.
- Skyjacker Hydro 7000 Shock Absorbers.
- Rancho RS9000XL Series Shock.
- Bilstein B6 Performance Shock Absorbers.
- Skyjacker Nitro 8000 Shock Absorbers.
- Eibach Pro-Truck Shocks.
- Fabtech FTS Shock Absorbers.
Which car has the smoothest suspension?
10 Cars with the Smoothest Ride
- Lincoln MKZ.
- Cadillac XTS.
- Buick LaCrosse.
- Mercedes-Benz S-Class.
- Audi A8 L.
- BMW 7 Series.
- Lexus LS.
- Genesis G90.
Which is desirable suspension?
Desirable properties of suspensions are that they should have good organoleptic properties, suspensions should possess good pourability leading to ease of removal of dose from container, the particle size distribution should be uniform, there should be ease of re dispersion of settled solid particles, they should be Dec 8, 2015
What are 3 types of suspension?
There are three basic types of suspension components: linkages, springs, and shock absorbers.
What is an oral suspension drug?
Medical Definition of oral suspension : a suspension consisting of undissolved particles of one or more medicinal agents mixed with a liquid vehicle for oral administration nystatin powder for oral suspension.
How many types of suspension are there in pharmacy?
Based on the route of administration, suspensions can be classified as oral, topical, ophthalmic, otic, or nasal suspensions. Each of these present unique challenges and requirements in terms of desired quality attributes. These are briefly described as follows: 1.
What are suspending agents?
: a substance (such as carrageenan, xanthan gum, or cellulose ether) that is added to fluids to promote particle suspension or dispersion and reduce sedimentation All these drinks can contain preservatives, and drinks other than juices can contain additives to colour, flavour and sweeten.
What is flocculated suspension?
Flocculated suspensions Flocculation refers to the formation of a loose aggregation of discrete particles held together in a network like structure by physical adsorption of macromolecules when the longer-range van der Walls forces of attraction exceed the shorter-range forces of repulsion.
