Table of Contents
What is Kalinga style?
The Kaḷinga architectural style is a style of Hindu architecture which flourished in the ancient Kalinga previously known as Utkal and in present eastern Indian state of Odisha. The style consists of three distinct types of temples: Rekha Deula, Pidha Deula and Khakhara Deula.
What is Kalinga architecture in UPSC?
In Kalinga Architecture, basically a temple is made in two parts, a tower and a hall. The tower is called deula and the hall is called jagmohan. The walls of both the deul and the jagmohan are lavishly sculpted with architectural motifs and a profusion of figures.
Who built Kalinga temple?
It is a magnificent monument dedicated to Lord Shiva. It was built by King Jajati Keshari in the 10th Century and completed by King Lalatendu Keshari in the 11th Century. The main spire is 54 metres high.
What is Khakhra DEUL?
Khakara deula is a rectangular building with a truncated pyramid-shaped roof, like the gopuras. The name comes from Khakharu (gourd) because of the shape of the roof. The temples of the feminine deities as Shakti are temple of that type.
What are the features of Kalinga architecture?
In Kalinga Architecture, basically a temple is made in two parts, a tower and a hall. The tower is called deul and the hall is called jagmohan. The walls of both the deul and the jagmohan are lavishly sculpted with architectural motifs and a profusion of figures.
Who destroyed Konark?
Kalapahada (in Odia language) or Kala Pahar was a Muslim General of the Bengal Sultanate under the reigning Karrani Dynasty, who is mentioned in the Mughal Empire records as the one who invaded Puri Jagannatha Temple with his army and also destroyed the Konark Sun temple.
Who introduced Nagara style?
The Gupta Dynasty (3rd century CE to 543 CE) was the first known patron of this style which continued to be prevalent across the geography of northern India until the advent of Muslim invasions in the 13th CE. The Nagara style of temple architecture has a rich historical ground.
What is Nagara style architecture?
Nagara style of temple architecture that became popular in northern India is known as Nagara. In North India it is common for an entire temple to be built on a stone platform with steps leading up to it. Another unique characteristic is that it does not usually have elaborate boundary walls or gateways.
What is Panchayatana style?
[Panchayatana is an architectural style where the main shrine is built on a rectangular plinth with four smaller subsidiary shrines at the four corners and making it a total of five shrines – i.e., Pancha]May 3, 2017.
Which king made Jagannath?
Shree Jagannath Puri Temple is one of the most impressing monuments of the Indian State Odisha, was constructed by a famous king of Ganga Dynasty Ananta Varman Chodaganga Deva dating back to 12th century at the seashore Puri.
What is the old name of Odisha?
In its place arose the old tribal name Odra Desha, which was gradually transformed into Odisha (or Uddisha, or Udisa), which in English became Orissa; that spelling persisted until the original Odisha was reinstated in the early 21st century. The language of the region came to be known as Odia.
Who is jajati keshari?
King Jajati Keshari, believed to be the founder of the Lingaraja temple, deputed Brahmins who had migrated to south India as temple priests over the local Brahmins on account of their increased knowledge of Shaivism, due to increasing invasions from Muslim invaders.
What is Pidha Deula in Odia?
Pidha Deula refers to the square building with a pyramid-shaped roof, like the vimanas. The assembly hall of the Konark Sun Temple is an example.
What is Rekhapida?
Rekhapida (Rekha Deula): Tall straight building (looking like a shikhara) covering the garbhagriha. Pidhadeul: It is the mandapa, a square building where worshippers are present and also where dancing takes place.
What is the style of Sun Temple at Konark?
The Sun Temple in Konark exhibits the traditional Odisha style of architecture, also known as Kalinga architecture, on a grand scale. It is designed as a massive chariot mounted on 12 pairs of intricately carved giant stone wheels that are drawn by a set of seven mighty stone horses.
What is the difference between Nagara style and Dravidian style?
Nagara Style has multiple Shikharas The dravidian style has 1 single Shikhara. In Nagara Style, there are multiple towers In Dravidian Style, it is always a single tower.
What is the meaning of rock cut caves?
Rock-cut architecture is the creation of structures, buildings, and sculptures by excavating solid rock where it naturally occurs. The three main uses of rock-cut architecture were temples (like those in India), tombs, and cave dwellings (like those in Cappadocia).
Which of the following options listed amongst Unesco World Heritage site is known for its Kalinga architecture?
Black Pagoda (Sun temple) Konark listed among UNESCO World Heritage Sites is known for its Kalling architecture.
Why Konark temple is called Sun Temple?
Etymology. The name Konârka is derived from the Sanskrit word Kona (meaning angle) and word Arka (meaning sun) in reference to the temple which was dedicated to the Sun god Surya.
Why Konark temple is sealed?
In 1903, when a major excavation was attempted nearby, the then-Lieutenant governor of Bengal, J. A. Bourdillon, ordered the temple to be sealed and filled with sand to prevent the collapse of the Jagamohana.
Which temple is known as Nagara style?
The correct answer is option 1 i.e Khajuraho. The Khajuraho Group of Monuments is a group of Hindu temples and Jain temples in Chhatarpur district, Madhya Pradesh, India. They are a UNESCO World Heritage Site. These temples are famous for their nagara-style architectural symbolism and their erotic sculptures.
What are the main features of the Nagara style of temple architecture?
Dravida and Nagara architecture Feature Nagara architecture Main temple spire (tower) Sikhara above sanctum Mandapa spire (tower) Yes Curvature of the spire Curvilinear centred over the sanctum, also straight-edged pyramidal Sanctum Single or multi-storey.
Which is the largest religious temple in the world?
Angkor Wat is a temple complex at Angkor, Cambodia. It is the largest religious monument in the world, on a site measuring 162.6 hectares (1,626,000 m2; 402 acres) which was built by a Khmer king Suryavarman II in the early 12th century as his state temple and capital city.
