Table of Contents
Flocculation is a process by which a chemical coagulant added to the water acts to facilitate bonding between particles, creating larger aggregates which are easier to separate. The method is widely used in water treatment plants and can also be applied to sample processing for monitoring applications.
What is flocculation Mcq?
Flocculation is basically slow mixing or agitation process in which destabilized colloidal particles are brought into intimate contact in order to promote agglomeration. The ratio of flocculation depends on. Turbidity.
What is G in flocculation?
With this rectilinear approach, the velocity gradient, G, is the. principal design parameter for flocculation units. A curvilinear approach, i.e., one that accounts for short-range effects in particle collisions, is presented as. a set of corrections to the rectilinear collision frequency functions for each.
What is the most commonly used coagulant?
1. Alum (aluminum sulfate), Al2(SO4)3. Still, the most common coagulant in the United States, it is often used in conjunction with cationic polymers.
What is flocculant made of?
The aluminum-based flocculants include aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, sodium aluminate, aluminum chlorohydrate, and polyaluminum chloride. The iron-based flocculants include ferric chloride, ferric sulfate, ferrous sulfate, and ferric chloride sulfate [15, 69].
Is Lime a coagulant?
Lime (Ca(OH)2 or CaO): Lime, or calcium hydroxide, is predominantly used to adjust pH, but as a softener, it can also be used as a coagulant aid. The lime bonds with the other particles and increases the size/weight of the flocs which then increases the speed with which they settle out of the water.
What is flocculation and coagulation?
Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. Coagulation and flocculation occurs in successive steps, allowing particle collision and growth of floc.
What is flocculant for?
Used in a wide range of industries and applications, flocculants help to remove suspended solids from wastewater by aggregating contaminants into flakes or “flocs” that float to the surface of the water or settle at the bottom. They can also be used for lime softening, sludge thickening, and solids dehydration.
What is an example of a flocculant?
Flocculation and coagulation treatment chemicals are used in effluent wastewater water treatment processes for solids removal, water clarification, lime softening, sludge thickening, and solids dewatering. Examples of ChemTreat coagulation products include aluminum salts, iron salts, and polyelectrolytes.
Is alum a coagulant or flocculant?
To accomplish this, the water is treated with aluminum sulfate, commonly called alum, which serves as a flocculant. Raw water often holds tiny suspended particles that are very difficult for a filter to catch. Alum causes them to clump together so that they can settle out of the water or be easily trapped by a filter.
What is the other name of Deflocculation Mcq?
2. What is the other name for deflocculation? Explanation: Deflocculation is the exact opposite of flocculation, also sometimes known as peptisation. Usually in higher pH ranges in addition to low ionic strength of solutions and domination of monovalent metal cations the colloidal particles can be dispersed.
What does zero discharge actually refer to?
The principle of “zero discharge” is recycling of all industrial wastewater. This means that wastewater will be treated and used again in the process. Because of the water reuse wastewater will not be released on the sewer system or surface water.
What is flash mixing?
Flash Mixing in water treatment is where the water treatment process begins. Rapid mixers to violently agitate the water with the chemicals for a short period of time before being released into the flocculation tank. The duration of the flash mix chamber is carefully controlled and typically lasts from 10-90 seconds.
Can you use too much flocculant?
Flocculant is aluminum sulfate, which is designed to clump with the particles you’re trying to remove. But if you add too much, the flocculant will start to agglomerate with itself instead of those particles. These flocculant clumps will not drop to the pool floor and can clog up your filter.
Is flocculation good for soil?
In all but the sandiest soils, dispersed clays plug soil pores and impede water infiltration and soil drainage. Flocculation is important because water and oxygen moves mostly in large pores between aggregates moves mostly in large pores between aggregates. Also, plant roots grow mainly between aggregates.
Which gas is released when alum is added to water?
Explanation: Carbon dioxide gas is released when alum is added to water, which is corrosive to metals.
What is flocculation and Deflocculation?
The key difference between flocculation and deflocculation is that flocculation is the formation of flocs by the clumping of fine particles, whereas deflocculation is the dispersion of flocs to form a stable colloid. Flocculation refers to the formation of clumps from fine particles in a colloid.
What is the product obtained when a coagulant is mixed with wastewater?
7. What is the product obtained when a coagulant is mixed with wastewater? Explanation: The most commonly used coagulant is alum. A coagulant combines with the impurities in wastewater and forms an end product called as flocs which is greater in diameter and can be easily removed.
What is difference between Perikinetic and Orthokinetic flocculation?
Perikinetic flocculation refers to flocculation (contact or collisions of colloidal particles) due to Brownian motion of colloidal particles. Orthokinetic flocculation refers to contacts or collisions of colloidal particles resulting from bulk fluid motion, such as stirring.
What causes dispersion in soil?
When the ratio of sodium to other ions at these exchange sites is high, clay particles are less tightly bound to each other and the soil aggregates easily disperse when the soil becomes wet. When a dispersive soil wets, the structure of the soil collapses.
How does a flocculant work?
A flocculant is a chemical that can be added to the water to help colloids and any other suspended solids bind together and form heavier particles. The heavier particles then settle to the bottom of the container/tank and the water on the top is drained off.
How much alum do I put in my water?
Make an alum solution by adding 7.5 grams of alum to one liter of tap water.
Why is soil flocculation important?
Soil aggregates are cemented clusters of sand, silt, and clay particles. Flocculation is important because water moves mostly in large pores between aggregates. Also, plant roots grow mainly between aggregates.
