Table of Contents
What type of evidence is hair?
Hair is considered class evidence and is useful in backing up other circumstantial evidence, such as by placing someone at the crime scene.
What are the sediments found in urine?
Organized urine sediment consists of biological elements such as leukocytes, erythrocytes, epithelial cells, casts, bacteria, fungi, parasites and sperm. Unorganized urine sediment contains crystals of various salts, for instance oxalate, phosphate, urate, and amorphous salts.
What is artifact in urine?
Artifacts are substances observed under a microscope that are found in urine through accidental contamination. They are of no clinical interest. Some of the most common artifacts include glass debris, air bubbles, fabric fibres and human or animal hair.
What fiber can also be considered hair?
What fibers can also be considered hair? Fibers that are also hair include wool, mohair, cashmere, and, more rarely, llama, alpaca, and camel.
Are fibers class or individual evidence?
Like hair, fibers are considered class evidence. Fibers have probative value because they can create connections, or associations. For example, a suspect may deny he was ever in a particular place or ever in contact with a particular person.
Why do hair and fibers considered as trace evidence?
The transfer of hairs and fibers and their discovery as trace evidence can be critical in linking a suspect to a victim or to a crime scene. Fibers from the suspect’s clothing may be found at the crime scene or on the victim, and fibers from the crime scene or the victim may be found on the suspect.
What are hyaline casts in urine?
Casts are clusters of urinary sediment elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, fat bodies, etc.) wrapped in a protein matrix. Cast formation necessarily occurs in the kidney tubules, and the the contents of the casts indicate the nature of the abnormalities occurring in the kidney itself.
What is epithelial cells in urine?
Epithelial cells are a type of cell that lines the surfaces of your body. They are found on your skin, blood vessels, urinary tract, and organs. An epithelial cells in urine test looks at urine under a microscope to see if the number of your epithelial cells is in the normal range.
What is nephritic urine sediment?
The urinary nephritic sediment represents a well defined microscopic pattern, which indicates an active renal disease or its relapse. Therefore, once a nephritic sediment is found, the physician should immediately proceed to further diagnostic steps to define the renal disease and to start treatment.
What causes tyrosine crystals in urine?
Tyrosine crystals are colorless and needle-like. They’re often found in acidic urine, and they may be caused by metabolic disorders like liver disease or tyrosinemia. Symptoms of tyrosinemia include difficulty gaining weight, fever, diarrhea, bloody stools, and vomiting.
What causes starch crystals in urine?
Crystalluria, or having crystals in your urine, can be found during urine testing. It doesn’t always mean you have an infection. Causes include dehydration and taking certain medications.
What happens if bacteria is present in urine?
Bacterial colonization in urine is high when the level of bacterial counts is elevated— meaning the number of colonies of a single organism is higher than 100,000 per mL. If the bacteria level in your urine is high and it’s causing physical symptoms, you have a symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI).
What are specialty fibers?
Specialty optical fibers are usually understood as optical fibers which have at least one special property, distinguishing them from standard fibers. Special materials may also be used for fiber coatings and jackets. Polyimide fibers are optical fibers which are coated with polyimide.
What is meant by morphology of hair?
Scalp hair morphology–alternatively described as hair texture, form, shape or type–refers to the structural appearance of the hair shaft protruding from the follicle.
What is the difference between fibers and hair?
Hair is the fine threadlike strands growing from the skin of humans, mammals, and some other animals, while fibers are defined as the smallest part of a textile material.
Are fibers physical evidence?
The examination of fiber and hair evidence is usually comparative. It can associate persons, places, and objects. Individual fibers cannot be ‘matched’ to a single source. However, a torn or cut piece of fabric may be physically fit (as a jigsaw) to another piece of fabric, thereby making a definitive association.
What is fiber evidence?
Fiber Evidence. As discussed previously, fibers are considered a form of trace evidence that can be transferred from the clothing of a suspect to the clothing of a victim during the commission of a crime. Fibers can also transfer from a fabric source such as a carpet, bed, or furniture at a crime scene.
Are hair and fibers physical or trace evidence?
These trace materials include human hair, animal hair, textile fibers and fabric, rope, soil, glass, and building materials. The physical contact between a suspect and a victim can result in the transfer of trace materials.
What is hair and fibre analysis?
Hair and fibres are two important evidence types in forensic science. The discovery of hair on the body of a victim or on the clothes of a victim of an assault can often be used to determine the assailant or attackers’ race and sex. The transfer of human hairs may take place in a wide variety of cases.
What is the difference between natural fibers and manmade fibers?
Natural fibers are cellulose-based, protein-based, or mineral-based. Synthetic polymer-based fibers are made from chemical polymers not found in nature and, unlike natural fibers, are mainly insoluble (do not break down in water). Some of these include nylon, acrylic, spandex, and polyester.
