Table of Contents
The longer the ambient temperatures remain below freezing, the deeper that frost line extends. Currently, that line is around 5 to 6 feet deep in southern Maine and several feet deeper in northern Maine, according to Jeff McNelly of the Maine Water Utilities Association.
How deep do footings need to be in Maine?
Just as frost creates conditions of movement, clay and expansive soils can present problems. Here in Maine, to get below frost depth requires digging four feet belowground. Building convention has added to that an additional four feet to create the traditional “full-height foundation” and basement space.
How deep should water lines be buried in Maine?
When you are digging the trench for your new waterline, be sure the waterline is 12-inches below the local frost depth, but in no case less than two feet underground. Always call 1-800-424-5555 before you dig.
How do I know where the frost line is?
Testing the exact depth relies on instruments known as frost tubes that consist of a small hollow tube that is inserted into a drilled hole in the frozen ground. Testers put a bag of water with measurement indicators into the tube and determine the depth based on the line at which the water freezes.
Why do you have to dig below the frost line?
The frost line is the deepest depth at which the moisture present in the soil is expected to freeze. Once the bottom of your footings is buried below the frost line, the residual heat in the ground below the footing will ensure the soil below the footing will not freeze in the winter.
How far below frost line should deck footings be?
By code, the bottom of a footing must be at least 12 inches deep and below the local frostline—whichever is deeper—and bear on stable, undisturbed soil that is free of organic matter. And the code requires a minimum compressive strength of 2,500 psi for the concrete.
Do you need a basement in Maine?
Even though there is no basement, we need a foundation to hold up the house. Here in Maine it is essential that the footing under the foundation be deep enough to get below the winter frost depth of about 4 feet. Otherwise, the frost can literally push the house up and do all sorts of damage.
How deep does PEX have to be buried?
PEX pipes and all underground piping should be buried at least 12” to 18” below the frost line to protect the pipes from freezing. The frost line refers to the furthest depth underground groundwater begins to freeze, also called the frost depth. In colder zones, the frost line can be three to four feet down.
Is it OK to use PEX underground?
Some plumbing contractors may be surprised to know that PEX is approved for use in underground as well as in-slab applications. Installing PEX pipe in the slab or underground can help reduce costs because there are no hangers required and less ladder time for installers (adding to installation efficiencies).
Can underground pipes freeze?
How Cold Does it Have to be for Pipes to Freeze? It must be below freezing inside the plumbing long enough for an ice dam to form. Pipes vulnerable to freezing at this temperature are usually located in an unconditioned attic, basement, crawlspace, or along an exterior wall. Underground pipes can also freeze.
What would happen if footings were not placed below the frost line?
You would experience frost heave. The footings would be lifted up gradually over the winter. It would completely trash the building.
Does footing need to be below frost line?
Depth of Footings Footings should extend to a minimum depth of 12 inches below previously undisturbed soil. Footings also must extend at least 12 inches below the frost line (the depth to which the ground freezes in winter) or must be frost-protected.
How deep does a water line need to be to not freeze?
By Barry A. Coutermarsh The classic rule-of-thumb procedure for avoiding cold-weather damage to water pipe is “bury it deep.” If water lines are located below the lowest level of frost penetration—five to six feet or more in many cold region locales—they should be safe from freezing.
Is 2 feet deep enough for fence posts?
2 feet is the minimum depth that you should dig your fence post holes for. To dig the holes one-third to one-half of the post’s aboveground height, is a general formula. The deeper you dig the holes, the more stability your fence has.
How deep do deck posts need to be in the ground?
Set footers a minimum of 6” below the frost line for your area to prevent movement during freezing temperatures. Pour about 6 inches of all-purpose gravel into postholes and pack the gravel tight by using the end of a wooden post.
How deep is a 4×4 fence post?
Dig post hole so diameter of the hole is 3 times the width of the post (i.e., the hole for a 4” wood post should be about 12 inches wide). The depth of the hole should be 1/3-1/2 the post height above ground (i.e., a 6-foot tall fence would require a hole depth of at least 2 feet).
How deep should footings be?
All footings should be a minimum of 150mm (6″) in depth, with the bottom 350 – 400mm (14-16″) below ground level on most soils. For clay soil however, thicker and deeper footings should be used.
How far does frost go down?
The line varies by latitude, it is deeper closer to the poles. Per Federal Highway Administration Publication Number FHWA-HRT-08-057, the maximum frost depth observed in the contiguous United States ranges from 0 to 8 feet (2.4 m). Below that depth, the temperature varies, but is always above 32 °F (0 °C).
Do I need rebar in deck footing?
Plain concrete deck foundations without rebar are acceptable under the minimum standards of construction established in the International Residential Code. Footings with large bearing areas or unstable soil can benefit from adding rebar to prevent cracking.
