Table of Contents
What is cross contouring in drawing?
Cross contour uses line to map the curved surface of depicted forms in a drawing, but instead of dealing with the profile of the form, it moves within the outer boundaries and maps the surface facing the viewer.
What are the rules of contour drawing?
Rule 1 – every point of a contour line has the same elevation. Rule 2 – contour lines separate uphill from downhill. Rule 3 – contour lines do not touch or cross each other except at a cliff. Rule 4 – every 5th contour line is darker in color.
How do you plan a contour site?
To produce a contour plan a surveyor takes a series of levels over the site at regular grid spacing. These readings are recorded in a surveyor’s log book and converted to RLs (reduced levels), which are plotted onto a grid overlaid on the site plan. A draftsperson can then draw lines of best fit between equal RLs.
How do cross contour drawings create a 3d illusion?
Cross contour drawings typically follow the rules of perspective, with lines drawn closer together in the distance and further apart in the foreground. In this type of drawing, the illusion of three-dimensional volume is created entirely with line.
Why is cross contour line important in any drawing?
Cross contour lines give us a closer look at the topography of the objects we’re drawing, showing us the lumps, the bumps, and other details we need to make a realistic illustration.
What are the 3 factors that should be considered upon planning and designing of a contour interval to be used for a topographic map?
The Contour Spacing Depends On The Following Factors: The Scale of The Map. The contour interval is inversely proportional to the scale of the map. Nature of The Ground. Purpose and Expansion of the survey work. Time available and Eligible Expenses for field and office work.
How is a contour line drawing different from an outline drawing?
An outline drawing does not include the visual amusement of human sight, while a contour drawing contains form, weight, mass, space, and distance.
When can two contours cross each other?
Contour lines never cross. They may come very close to each other (e.g. along a cliff), but by definition they may never cross each other. * This is because one location on the surface of Earth cannot be at two different elevations!.
What is contour in architecture?
The contour interval of a contour map is the difference in elevation between successive contour lines. Contour lines are curved, straight or a mixture of both lines on a map describing the intersection of a real or hypothetical surface with one or more horizontal planes.
How do you read contour plans?
Widely spaced contour lines indicate gentle slope. Equally spaced contour lines indicate uniform slope. Closed contour lines with higher elevation towards the centre indicate hills. Closed contour lines with reducing levels towards the centre indicate pond or other depression.
What are the 3 types of contour drawing?
There are several different types of contour line drawings: Blind Contour. ‘Blind contour drawing’ is when contour drawing is done without looking at the paper AT ALL. Continuous Line Contour. Modified Contour. cross-contour. YOUR ASSIGNMENTS:.
How are contour lines drawn on maps?
Contour lines are lines drawn on a map with equal elevation points, so elevation would be constant if you followed the contour line physically. The elevation and terrain shape of the contour lines shows. It is useful because they show the form of the land surface on the map–its topography.
What is the difference between contour and cross contour lines?
While contour lines describe edges, cross-contours describe form and volume. These lines can follow planes of form, moving around and across objects as well as through them. Think of a topographical map–the lines move across the terrain. Cross-contour lines do the same thing.
What skill is developed by doing blind contour line drawings?
Blind contour line drawings help to improve your hand-eye coordination and your artistic observational skills. By not looking down at your paper, you’re forced to see your subject as a series of lines and shapes rather than, say, a face with a nose and eyes.
What can careful placement of cross contour lines tell you about the object?
The outline or contour lines create a border or path around the edge of a shape, thereby outlining and defining it. Cross contour lines delineate differences in the features of a surface and can give the illusion of three dimensions or a sense of form or shading.
How can cross contour lines benefit painting and other forms of 2 d media?
The brush strokes or marks made with a drawing medium are more effective in communicating the form of the subject if they flow with the cross contour lines. Just like if you were to run your finger over the form, these strokes will change direction in the same manner. This is true for any drawing or painting medium.
What makes a good contour drawing?
Contour line drawing involves only drawing the outline of an object, without any shading. When you do contour lines in art, you should spend the majority of the time looking at the object, not your paper, in order to improve your hand-eye coordination and really get a good sense of what the object looks like.
What is topo plan?
Topographical plans and maps are drawings which show the main physical features on the ground, such as buildings, fences, roads, rivers, lakes and forests, as well as the changes in elevation between land forms such as valleys and hills (called vertical relief).
On what factors does contour depend?
The contour interval depends upon the general topography of the terrain. In flat ground, contours at small intervals are surveyed to depict the general slope of the ground whereas high hills can only be depicted with contours at larger contour interval.
What are the methods of contouring?
There are basically 2 methods of contouring – Direct Method and Indirect Method. Direct Method of Contouring : High degree of precision is required for large-scale maps with small contour interval. Indirect Method of Contouring : It is suitable for undulated ground and hilly areas.
