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A fluorescent lamp consists of a glass tube filled with a mixture of argon and mercury vapour. The inside of the tube is coated with phosphors, substances that absorb ultraviolet radiation and fluoresce (reradiate the energy as visible light).
Are fluorescent lights toxic when broken?
Compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) contain small amounts of mercury. A small percentage of this mercury can be released into the air if the bulbs are broken. Mercury can cause poisoning in some circumstances. Even so, people are encouraged to replace their “old fashioned” incandescent bulbs with CFLs.
Is it bad to break fluorescent light bulbs?
Compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) use dramatically less energy than incandescent bulbs and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. But they also contain mercury – a dangerous toxin. If a CFL breaks, some of the mercury that’s contained in the bulb will evaporate into the air.
What is inside a fluorescent lamp that is toxic to humans?
Compact fluorescents, like their tubular fluorescent precursors, contain a small amount of mercury—typically around five milligrams. As effective as it is at enabling white light, however, mercury—sometimes called quicksilver—is also highly toxic. It is especially harmful to the brains of both fetuses and children.
What do you do if you break a fluorescent light bulb?
Wipe up the broken glass and powder, seal them in a container and dispose of them. Check with your local government about disposal requirements. Some communities require that trashed fluorescent bulbs (broken or unbroken) be taken to a local recycling center.
How much mercury is in a 4 foot fluorescent bulb?
The average mercury content of a 4-foot-long bulb manufactured today is approximately 12 mg. Bulbs manufactured in the mid-1980s and earlier con- tained 40 mg or more. Low-mercury bulbs, containing 4 mg or less, are currently produced by at least one manufacturer.
How much mercury is in a light bulb?
An average of 4 milligrams (mg) of mercury is in a CFL. A mercury thermometer may contain about 500 mg of mercury. About 500 mg to 700 mg or less of mercury is considered a small spill. Some CFLs may contain as little as 1.4 mg to 2.5 mg per light bulb.
What is the dust in fluorescent bulbs?
The white powder coating inside the glass tubing of a CFL contains a fluorescent coating. When electricity enters a CFL, mercury and argon fumes inside the bulb produce invisible ultraviolet (UV) light. This UV light reacts with the fluorescent coating to produce the white, visible light you see when you turn on a CFL.
Why are fluorescent tubes hazardous?
Fluorescent tubes can be very harmful to the environment, wildlife and even humans. Any variety of fluorescent lighting contains mercury, a highly toxic metal. If incorrectly disposed of, mercury can dissipate into the atmosphere which allows it to contaminate water supplies and wildlife.
Do LEDs contain mercury?
LEDs use significantly less energy than even CFLs, and do not contain mercury. And the copper found in some LEDs can pose an environmental threat if it accumulates in rivers and lakes where it can poison aquatic life.
Do all fluorescent bulbs contain mercury?
On average, CFLs contain about four milligrams of mercury sealed within the glass tubing. By comparison, older thermometers contain about 500 milligrams of mercury – an amount equal to the mercury in over 100 CFLs.
What gas is in fluorescent lights?
A fluorescent lamp tube is filled with a gas containing low pressure mercury vapour and noble gases at a total pressure of about 0.3% of the atmospheric pressure.
Do all fluorescent tubes have mercury?
The amount of mercury in a fluorescent lamp varies from 3 to 46 mg, depending on lamp size and age. Newer lamps contain less mercury and the 3–4 mg versions are sold as low-mercury types. A typical 2006-era 4 ft (122 cm) T-12 fluorescent lamp (i.e. F34T12) contains about 5 milligrams of mercury.
What is a fluorescent material?
Fluorescence is the ability of certain chemicals to give off visible light after absorbing radiation which is not normally visible, such as ultraviolet light.
How do you extract mercury from a fluorescent tube?
The mercury can be extracted from CFL bulbs using bio trickling filters and sulphur oxidising bacteria. By using these two methods we can extract about 99% of mercury from CFL bulbs. But this process is very expensive as compared to the extraction of mercury using thermal method.
Is mercury toxic to humans?
Mercury may have toxic effects on the nervous, digestive and immune systems, and on lungs, kidneys, skin and eyes. Mercury is considered by WHO as one of the top ten chemicals or groups of chemicals of major public health concern.
Where is the mercury in a fluorescent bulb?
A CFL bulb is made of glass, a ceramic and metal base, a powder called phosphor, and a small amount of mercury. The mercury in the bulb is in the form of an invisible vapor or as part of the phosphor coating on the inside of the glass. CFL bulbs use less energy than a regular light bulb.
How much mercury is toxic to humans?
For elemental mercury vapour, several studies show that long-term workplace exposures– at around 20 µg/m3 of air or higher – have subtle toxic effects on the central nervous system.
Why is mercury in fluorescent light bulbs?
Mercury is an essential element in the operation of fluorescent lighting; it allows the bulbs to be an efficient light source. Because CFLs contain trace amounts of mercury, it is important to educate yourself on proper use, recycling and disposal of these products.
