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Polymerization, any process in which relatively small molecules, called monomers, combine chemically to produce a very large chainlike or network molecule, called a polymer. The monomer molecules may be all alike, or they may represent two, three, or more different compounds.
What is polymerization process give example?
Polymerization reactions are chain reactions, and the formation of Teflon from tetrafluoroethylene is one example. In this reaction, a peroxide (a compound in which two oxygen atoms are joined together by a single covalent bond) may be used as the initiator.
What are the methods of polymerization?
Methods include emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, and precipitation polymerization. Although the polymer dispersity and molecular weight may be improved, these methods may introduce additional processing requirements to isolate the product from a solvent.
What are the two main processes used for polymerization?
Polymerization Reactions There are two basic types of polymerization, chain-reaction (or addition) and step-reaction (or condensation) polymerization. One of the most common types of polymer reactions is chain-reaction (addition) polymerization.
What is polymerization process explain addition polymerization process?
1 Addition Polymerization. In addition polymerization (sometimes called chain-growth polymerization), a chain reaction adds new monomer units to the growing polymer molecule one at a time through double or triple bonds in the monomer.
What is polymerization and types?
These monomers can bond to each other on each side, potentially forever. So this reaction of combining these monomers to form long chains or three-dimensional networks is known as polymerization. Broadly polymerization can be classified into two categories, Step-Growth or Condensation Polymerization.
What is polymerization class 10th?
Define Polymerisation The polymerisation is defined as the chemical process in which the monomers are joined together to form polymers. Normally, it takes several thousands of monomers to make a single polymer.
What are the 2 types of polymers?
Polymers fall into two categories: thermosetting plastic or thermoset. thermoforming plastic or thermoplastic.
What are the 4 types of polymers?
Terms. Synthetic polymers are human-made polymers. From the utility point of view, they can be classified into four main categories: thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, and synthetic fibers.
What is the main difference between the two types of polymerization?
Difference Between Addition And Condensation Polymerization Addition Polymerization Condensation Polymerization Produces no by-products By-products such as ammonia, water and HCl are produced Addition of monomers results in polymers Condensation of monomers result in polymers.
What is the importance of polymerization process?
A basic understanding of polymerization processes is important not only because polymerization affects structure, and hence properties, but also because some processing routes can convert monomers directly to a finished shape. They offer manufacturing industry considerable benefits both in direct and indirect costs.
What is the importance of polymerization?
Natural polymers: organic and inorganic Organic polymers play a crucial role in living things, providing basic structural materials and participating in vital life processes. For example, the solid parts of all plants are made up of polymers.
How polymers are formed?
A polymer is a large molecule made up of smaller, joined-together molecules called monomers. Monomers join together to make polymer chains by forming covalent bonds—that is, by sharing electrons. Other bonds then hold the groups of chains together to form a polymer material.
What are the four steps of polymerization?
Polymer Synthesis Chain-growth polymerizations involve the steps of chain initiation, chain propagation, and termination.
What is the functional group for addition polymers?
Condensation polymers – Higher Condensation polymerisation Addition polymerisation Two types of monomer One type of monomer Monomer must have two functional groups (one on each end) Monomer must have a C=C bond Two products are formed – the polymer plus many small molecules (usually water) The only product is the polymer.
Is PVC an addition polymer?
The most prevalent addition polymers are polyolefins, i.e. polymers derived by the conversion of olefins (alkenes) to long-chain alkanes. Examples of such polyolefins are polyethenes, polypropylene, PVC, Teflon, Buna rubbers, polyacrylates, polystyrene, and PCTFE.
What are three natural polymers?
Natural polymers occur in nature and can be extracted. They are often water-based. Examples of naturally occurring polymers are silk, wool, DNA, cellulose and proteins.
What is another name for polymer?
1. polymer polyurethan. synthetic resin. trimer. compound. DNA. deoxyribonucleic acid. RNA. polyurethane.
What is called polymerization?
Polymerization, any process in which relatively small molecules, called monomers, combine chemically to produce a very large chainlike or network molecule, called a polymer.
What is a polymer class 8?
A polymer is a very big molecule formed by the combination of a large number of small molecules. The small molecules which join together to form a polymer is called monomer. The monomer which make a polymer may be of the same compound or of different compounds.
What is meant by polymerisation?
Polymerisation is the process in which the small monomer units join together to form a large polymer molecule.
How many types of polymers are classified?
There are three types of classification under this category, namely, Natural, Synthetic, and Semi-synthetic Polymers.
Which polymer is heat resistant?
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) PTFE has one of the highest melting points of any thermoplastic at 327°C, and a very large operating temperature range. It’s thermally stable enough to be used anywhere between -200°C and +260°C.
What are the general properties of polymers?
Some of the useful properties of various engineering polymers are high strength or modulus to weight ratios (light weight but comparatively stiff and strong), toughness, resilience, resistance to corrosion, lack of conductivity (heat and electrical), color, transparency, processing, and low cost.
What are the 3 main types of polymers?
There are 3 principal classes of polymers – thermoplastics, thermosets, and elastomers. Differentiation between these classes is best defined by their behaviour under applied heat. Thermoplastic polymers can be either amorphous or crystalline. They behave in a relatively ductile manner but often have low strength.
What are the main types of polymers?
The eight most common types of synthetic organic polymers, which are commonly found in households are: Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) High-density polyethylene (HDPE) Polypropylene (PP) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Polystyrene (PS) Nylon, nylon 6, nylon 6,6. Teflon (Polytetrafluoroethylene) Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU).
What are the uses of polymer?
Uses of polymers Polymer Properties Uses Poly(chloroethene) ‘PVC’ Tough, electrical insulator, can be made hard or flexible Insulation for electrical wires, windows, gutters, pipes Poly(tetrafluoroethene) ‘PFTE’ Slippery, chemically unreactive Non-stick coatings for pans, containers for laboratory substances.
How does emulsion polymerization work?
Emulsion polymerization is a polymerization process with different applications on the industrial and academic scale. It involves application of emulsifier to emulsify hydrophobic polymers through aqueous phase by amphipathic emulsifier, then generation of free radicals with either a water or oil soluble initiators.
What is nail polymerization?
The Polymerization of the Gel for nails is a chemical process which affects all UV Gel and photo-curing products normally used in nail techniques for Nail Extensions with Gel and Gel Polish Application .
