Table of Contents
All pumps use basic forces of nature to move a liquid. As the moving pump part (impeller, vane, piston diaphragm,etc.) begins to move, air is pushed out of the way. The movement of air creates a partial vacuum (low pressure) which can be filled up by more air, or in the case of water pumps, water.
How does a basic pump work?
Pumps work by creating a vacuum in which ambient air pressure forces the liquid. The difference in pressure creates suction. A liquid under higher pressure will move to an area of lower pressure.
How does a pump move fluid?
Centrifugal pumps move fluid by using centrifugal force to generate velocity of the liquid. Fluid enters the pump through the suction nozzle, into the eye of the impeller. The impeller vanes catch the fluid and rotate it, both tangentially and radially until it exits the pump on the discharge side.
How does a pump create pressure?
Positive displacement pumps use a mechanical means to vary the size of (or move) the fluid chamber to cause the fluid to flow. On the other hand, centrifugal pumps impart momentum to the fluid by rotating impellers that are immersed in the fluid. The momentum produces an increase in pressure or flow at the pump outlet.
What are the 4 types of pumps?
Types of Pumps Types of Pumps. Centrifugal Pumps. Vertical Centrifugal Pumps. Horizontal Centrifugal Pumps. Submersible Pumps. Fire Hydrant Systems. Diaphragm Pumps. Gear Pumps.
What is pump draw?
Often, a draw down test is used to measure pump flow rate, and then flow rate is used to determine where the pump is running on the H/Q curve. Pressure must also be measured to assess the true performance of the station.
What is pump head?
Put simply, head is the height at which a pump can raise fluid up and is measured in metres or feet. We use it when specifying centrifugal pumps because their pumping characteristics tend to be independent of the fluid’s specific gravity, often referred to as relative density.
Do pumps create pressure or flow?
A pump produces liquid movement or flow: it does not generate pressure. It produces the flow necessary for the development of pressure which is a function of resistance to fluid flow in the system.
Do pumps increase flow rate?
Will Increasing Pump Pressure Increase Flow? In general, when pump pressure increases, flow will decrease. More pressure changes the velocity of the fluid, but it also decreases the flow or output. The cause of the flow decrease is due to two factors: volumetric efficiency of the pump and reduced motor speed.
What is pump PPT?
Pump A pump is a device used to move fluids, such as liquids, gases or slurries. It increases the mechanical energy of the fluid. The additional energy can be used to increase – Velocity (flow rate) Pressure Elevation.
What is pump efficiency?
Pump efficiency is defined as the ratio of useful hydraulic power delivered to the fluid to the power input at the drive shaft.
What are the 2 main classification of pumps?
Pumps are divided into 2 major categories: Dynamic and Positive Displacement (aka Displacement).
What is pump drawdown?
Drawdown is a change in groundwater level due to an applied stress, caused by events such as: Pumping from a well. Pumping from a neighbouring well. Intensive water taking from local area. Seasonal declines as recharge rates lower.
How do you calculate pump drawdown?
Subtract the measurements you collect as the pump is running from the static water level. The difference is the drawdown. For example, if the static water level is 1 foot below the top of the casing and the water level after one hour is 3 feet below the top of the casing, the drawdown at one hour of pumping is 2 feet.
How do you do a drawdown?
A drawdown is usually quoted as the percentage between the peak and the subsequent trough. If a trading account has $10,000 in it, and the funds drop to $9,000 before moving back above $10,000, then the trading account witnessed a 10% drawdown.
Can you pump water without electricity?
The spiral pump (also known as water wheel pump) is a hydraulic machine that pumps water without electricity. With the global efforts to reduce carbon emissions, the increased focus on renewable energy is making the spiral pump a viable option for pumping water, especially in rural areas and developing countries.
Where do you put a pump?
Pumps shall generally be located in a row or in more than one row under / adjacent to the pipe racks. Pump handling non-flammable product can be placed directly under the pipe rack where as the pumps handling flammable product to be avoided directly under pipe racks carrying major product lines, air coolers or vessels.
Can a water pump be higher than the tank?
Another term, normal flow, often is less than rated flow. Normal flow represents conditions your pump is supposed to operate much of the time. Pumps can pressure water higher with a fuller tank.
What is pump capacity?
Pump capacity means the volume of liquid a pump is capable of moving during a specified period of time against a given total head.
What is NPSH pump?
The difference between inlet pressure and the lowest pressure level inside the pump is called NPSH: Net Positive Suction Head. NPSH will cause the lowest pressure inside the pump to decrease below the evaporation pressure of the pumped liquid, if the inlet pressure is too low.
What is suction lift?
Suction lift in a pump refers to the pressure (negative pressure) on the suction side of the pump. The pressure can be measured from the centre line of the hydraulic part of the pump down to the water surface on the suction side of the pump.
