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pendentive, in architecture, a triangular segment of a spherical surface, filling in the upper corners of a room, in order to form, at the top, a circular support for a dome.
What is the meaning of pendentive?
In architecture, a pendentive is a constructional device permitting the placing of a circular dome over a square room or of an elliptical dome over a rectangular room. In masonry the pendentives thus receive the weight of the dome, concentrating it at the four corners where it can be received by the piers beneath.
What was pendentive used for?
Usually ornamented and four to a dome, pendentives make the dome appear as if it’s hanging in the air, like a “pendent.” The word is from the Latin pendens meaning “hanging.” Pendentives are used for stabilizing a round dome on a square frame, resulting in enormous interior open space beneath the dome.
What is pendentive and Squinch?
Pendentive and squinches are architectural elements that help support a dome. They fit into the corners of a space and bridge the difference between a dome and the square room on which it sits. Both forms developed around the 5th century and were first used in Byzantine and Islamic architecture.
What is a pendentive include a diagram in your explanation?
Look at the diagram above. Explain what a pendentive is. A pendentive is a curved triangular architectural element that transfers the weight from the dome to the supporting curve. It is important because the dome cannot hold all the weight and would likely collapse over time.
Who invented the pendentive?
The Romans were the first to experiment with pendentive domes in the 2nd-3rd century AD. They saw the supporting of a dome over an enclosed square or polygonal space as a particular architectural challenge.
What is Byzantine architecture known for?
Byzantine architecture is a style of building that flourished under the rule of Roman Emperor Justinian between A.D. 527 and 565. In addition to extensive use of interior mosaics, its defining characteristic is a heightened dome, the result of the latest sixth-century engineering techniques.
What is the definition of Squinches?
1 : to screw up (the eyes or face) : squint. 2a : to make more compact. b : to cause to crouch down or draw together.
What is the top of a dome called?
Apex: The uppermost point of a dome (also known as the ‘crown’). Cupola: A small dome located on a roof or turret. Extrados: The outer curve of a dome. Haunch: Part of an arch that that lies roughly halfway between the base and the top.
What is the underside of a dome called?
The top of a dome is the “crown”. The inner side of a dome is called the “intrados” and the outer side is called the “extrados”.
What was the purpose of the architectural feature called the Pendentive within Byzantine churches?
In Byzantine architecture, a supporting structure of four arches with pendentives between them allowed the spaces below domes to be opened up. Pendentives allowed for weight loads to be concentrated at just four points on a more practical square plan, rather than a circle.
What is the symbolic significance of the Muqarnas vault?
Significance. Muqarnas ornament is significant in Islamic architecture because it represents an ornamental form that conveys the vastness and complexity of Islamic ideology. The distinct units of the dome represent the complex creation of the universe, and in turn the Creator, himself.
What is the Vitruvian triad?
Vitruvius is famous for asserting in his book De architectura that a structure must exhibit the three qualities of firmitatis, utilitatis, venustatis – that is, stability, utility, beauty. These are sometimes termed the Vitruvian virtues or the Vitruvian Triad.
What is the Catia model What does Catia stand for?
The CATIA model is a computer aided 3-D Interaction Applications allows interactive visualization and collaboration over the web. CATIA stands for, Computer Aided Three Dimensional Interactive Application.
What’s the difference between architect and draftsman?
An architect may be involved in a project from start to finish, helping out with anything from planning, design and documentation, to contract administration and project management. In contrast, a draftsman is someone who produces drawings for construction projects, whether it is a brand new build or a renovation.
What does the term organic architecture mean?
Coined by Frank Lloyd Wright, the term organic architecture is usually used to mean buildings whose shape or function mimics nature.
What is a square dome?
(redirected from square dome) Also found in: Encyclopedia. a vault composed of four coves meeting in a central point, and therefore the reverse of a groined vault.
Where is the geodesic dome located?
Geodesic domes can be seen around the world, including: The American exhibit at Expo 67 in Montreal. The largest geodesic dome at 216m in Fukuoka, Japan. Epcot Centre’s Spaceship Earth centre.
Which type of dome is most commonly used in Islamic architecture?
The prolate, or vertical elliptical, dome, is the one most often applied from the architectural point of view, as the majority of the most famous domes in architectural history, including Islamic architecture (as will be seen later, see §4), are related to this type of elliptical dome.
What is Byzantine art examples?
Perhaps the best known example of Byzantine art is a tenth-century mosaic of the Virgin Mary in the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul that demonstrates the stylized forms, sharp contours, flat fields of color, and gold mosaic the period is known for.
What is Byzantine art and architecture?
Byzantine is also used to designate an ornate artistic and architectural style which developed in the Byzantine Empire and spread to Italy, Russia, and elsewhere. The art is generally rich and stylized (as in religious icons) and the architecture is typified by many-domed, highly decorated churches.
What are the main features of Byzantine art?
Byzantine art preferred stylized imagery over naturalistic depictions. The aim of their art was to inspire a sense of wonder and admiration for the church. In this way, their use of graceful, floating figures, and golden tesserae emphasized the otherworldliness of the religious subjects.
How do I squinch my eyes?
How to squinch Make a genuine smile with your whole face. ( Relax your eyebrows- don’t raise them. Allow your cheeks to lift up and allow your eyes to squint. Here is the key: As you are slightly squinting and your eyes start to narrow, very gently keep your eyes open.
What are Squinches used for?
In architecture, a squinch is a construction filling in (or rounding off) the upper angles of a square room so as to form a base to receive an octagonal or spherical dome.
What is a squinch in photography?
Squinch™: v. to narrow the distance between your lower eyelid and your pupil. These photographers are distinctly aware that confidence comes from the eyes and in my book “The Headshot” I divulge that the expression that best takes advantage of a squinch, it’s one that conveys confidence coupled with approachability.
