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Clinker is a nodular material produced in the kilning stage during the production of cement and is used as the binder in many cement products. Clinker, when added with gypsum (to control the setting properties of cement and ensure compressive strength) and ground finely, produces cement.
What is clinker and usage of clinker in cement?
Cement clinker is a solid material produced in the manufacture of Portland cement as an intermediary product. It is produced by sintering (fusing together without melting to the point of liquefaction) limestone and aluminosilicate materials such as clay during the cement kiln stage.
Why is clinker important?
Clinker, the residue formed by high-temperature burning of coal or similar materials, plays an important role in the composition of cement and contributes to the properties of cement in different ways.
Is cement made from clinker?
The result is called clinker, which are rounded nodules between 1mm and 25mm across. The clinker is ground to a fine powder in a cement mill and mixed with gypsum to create cement. The powdered cement is then mixed with water and aggregates to form concrete that is used in construction.
What is clinker phase?
Independent of the raw meal used, the different clinker phases were formed in three stages: 1. C2S, C3A and C4AF formation at ~900-1350 °C; 2. Clinker melt formation at ~1350-1400 °C; and 3. C3S formation at >1350 °C.
What is the difference between cement and clinker?
Clinker is a nodular material which is used as the binder in cement products. Cement is a binding agent that sets and hardens to adhere to building units such as stones, bricks, tiles etc. Clinker is a granular substance containing spherical pellets of diameter 3-25 mm.
Is clinker hazardous?
Clinkers are non-combustible and non-explosive and will not facilitate or sustain the combustion of other materials. Clinker poses no fire-related hazards. No need for special protective equipment for fire- fighters. Ensure that the workers wear appropriate personal protective equipment and prevent dust from spreading.
How is clinker formed?
Clinkers, also known as slag, and in coal fired boilers consist of the noncombustible elements and minerals found in coal that melt and fuse together as lumpy ashes from coal combustion. Clinkers resemble volcanic ash and lava. They occur in the high-temperature furnace area of the boiler.
What is cement clinker Class 11?
It is a finely ground mixture of calcium silicates and aluminates which set to a hard mass when treated with water. Cement has 50−60% calcium oxide, 2−3% magnesium oxide, 20−25% silicon oxide, 1−2% iron oxide, 5−10% aluminium oxide and 1−2% silicon oxide.
What is LSF in cement?
Lime Saturation Factor (LSF) The Lime Saturation Factor is a ratio of CaO to the other three main oxides. Applied to clinker, it is calculated as: LSF=CaO/(2.8SiO2 + 1.2Al2O3 + 0.65Fe2O3) Often, this is referred to as a percentage and therefore multiplied by 100.
What is cement formula?
4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3 = calcium alumino ferrite. C-S-H. Calcium silicate hydrate, a colloidal and mostly amorphous gel with a variable composition; this is the major hydration product of Portland cement, constituting approximately 70 percent of the paste, and is the phase providing most of the strength and binding.
Why cement is called portland cement?
When first made and used in the early 19th century in England, it was termed portland cement because its hydration product resembled a building stone from the Isle of Portland off the British coast. The first patent for portland cement was obtained in 1824 by Joseph Aspdin, an English mason.
Who invented cement?
The invention of portland cement usually is attributed to Joseph Aspdin of Leeds, Yorkshire, England, who in 1824 took out a patent for a material that was produced from a synthetic mixture of limestone and clay.
What does clinker mean?
1 : a brick that has been burned too much in the kiln. 2 : stony matter fused together : slag. clinker. noun (2) clink·er | \ ˈkliŋ-kər \.
What is called clinker?
Clinker is a nodular material produced in the kilning stage during the production of cement and is used as the binder in many cement products. Clinker, when added with gypsum (to control the setting properties of cement and ensure compressive strength) and ground finely, produces cement.
What is C3S in clinker?
Alite (C3S): the alite crystal is the preferred clinker phase in Portland cement clinker. The formation of alite is very complex. Alite is only formed in the presence of excess CaO, that is, at CaO/SiO2 > 1 and is thermodynamically stable above 1250°C [44].
What is the pH of cement?
Portland cement, concrete’s binding agent, has a pH of 11, making it alkaline. For cement to effectively hold the various components within it, it should have a pH of around 11. The problem is that Portland cement does not resist many acidic compounds well.
What is cement to clinker ratio?
The world average clinker/cement ratio is about 0.81, with the balance comprising gypsum and additives such as blast furnace slag, fly ash, and natural pozzolana.
What is fineness of cement?
The fineness of cement is a measure of cement particle size and is denoted as terms of the specific surface area of cement. The Fineness Test of Cement is done by sieving cement sample through standard IS sieve.
What is a clinker in a furnace?
Clinkers, also known as slag, are the parts of the coal that won’t burn. The act of burning coal at high heat causes the minerals to melt instead of burn, resulting in ashes that often contain hard lumps.
Can cement dust explode?
Materials such as silica, limestone, sand, cement, fly-ash, etc., are inert materials in their pure form (i.e., these materials will neither burn nor support combustion and do not pose a risk of fire or dust explosion).
How can clinker formation be prevented?
The best solution is to avoid the deposition of clinker is precaution. Blaming poor quality coal may prove harmful for the boiler. Instead of very poor quality coal having high ash and mineral content, clinker formation may be avoided by a sincere attitude of power plant engineers.
What are clinkers in food?
Cadbury Clinkers are colourful candies centres dipped in smooth Cadbury milk chocolate. Colourful candy centres covered in deliciously smooth Cadbury milk chocolate.
What does clinker look like?
Clinker often forms a loose, dark deposit consisting of waste materials such as coke, coal, slag, charcoal, and grit. Clinker often has a glassy look to it, usually because of the formation of molten silica compounds during processing.
Why is gypsum added to cement class 11?
The main function of gypsum in the mixture is to control and slow down the process of hydration of cement after mixing with water. This controls the setting or hardening of the cement.
What is example of cement?
An example of cement is to fix a hole in the sidewalk. The definition of cement is anything that binds, particularly a substance made of burned lime, clay, sand and water to make mortar or sand, water and gravel to make concrete. An example of cement is the material used for a foundation of a house.
What are the different types of cement?
Different Types Of Cement Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC) Rapid Hardening Cement. Extra Rapid Hardening Cement. Low Heat Cement. Sulfates Resisting Cement. Quick Setting Cement. Blast Furnace Slag Cement.
